C59. C Input/Output

Input/Output

We'll start the chapter with a discussion of some basic issues: the stream con­cept, the FILE type, input and output redirection, and the difference between text files and binary files. We'll then turn to functions that are designed specifically for use with files, including functions that open and close liles . After covering printf, scanf, and related functions for "formatted" input/output  we'll look at functions that read and write unformatted data:

getc. putc, and related functions, which read and write one character at a time .

gets, puts, and related functions, which read and write one line at a time.

f read and f write, which read and write blocks of data.

In C89, all standard input/output functions belong to , but such is not the case in C99, where some I/O functions are declared in the header. The functions deal with wide characters rather than ordinary characters; the good news is that most of these functions closely resemble those of . Functions in that read or write data are known as byte input/output functions; similar functions in are called wide-charac­ter input/output functions,