Conditional Expressions
C's if statement allows a program to perform one of two
actions depending on the value of a condition. C also provides an operator
that allows an expression to produce one of two values depending on the
value of a condition.
The
conditional operator consists of two symbols (? and :), which must be used
together in the following way:
exprl
? expr2 : expr3
exprl, exprl,
and expr3 can be expressions of any type. The resulting expression is
said to be a conditional expression. The conditional operator is unique
among
C operators in that it requires three operands
instead of one or two. For this reason, it is often referred to as a ternary
operator.
The
conditional expression exprl ? exprl : expr3 should be read “if exprl
then exprl else expr3.
The
expression is evaluated in stages: exprl is evaluated first; if its
value isn't zero, then exprl is evaluated, and its value is the value of
the entire conditional expression. If the value of exprl is zero, then
the value of expr3 is the value of the conditional.
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